Cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta dimethyldiethoxysilane

Xalka guud ee xabagta silikoon waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida polymer-ka aasaasiga ah ee daahan kulaylka u adkaysta, daahan u adkaysta cimilada iyo heerkulka sare ee qalabka korantada.

1.2 kobcinta farsamada ee resin silicone

Dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee polymers-ka silikoon, xabagta silikoonku waa nooc ka mid ah alaabada silikoon la farsameeyey oo goor hore la adeegsaday.Marka la barbar dhigo horumarka xawaaraha sare leh ee tignoolajiyada dib-u-cusboonaynta qaabka caagga silikoonka, hagaajinta tignoolajiyada xabagta silikoonku waa mid gaabis ah, horumarka tignoolajiyada ugu waaweyna waa yar yahay.Ilaa 20 sano ka hor, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay horumarka farsamada ee polymers heterocyclic kulaylka udgoon, qaar ka mid ah ayaa markii hore loo isticmaalay berrinka silikoon.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sunta dareeraha ah iyo xaaladaha daawaynta adag ee polymers-ka udugga udgoon ayaa xaddiday codsigooda.Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, dadku waxay bilaabeen inay fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta resin silicone.Xabagta silikoontu waxay leedahay heerkul ballaaran oo kala duwan iyo iska caabin gabowga.Waxqabadka iyo waxqabadka qoyaanka hydrophobic-ka ayaa ah mid wanaagsan iyo faa'iidooyin kale oo muuqda, waxaa jira calaamado muujinaya in xabagta silikoon ay yeelan karto meel ballaaran oo horumarineed mustaqbalka.

2. Xabagta guud ee silikoonka

2.1 habka wax soo saarka ee xabagta silikoon guud

Noocyada kala duwan ee silikoonyadu waxay leeyihiin walxo cayriin oo kala duwan iyo dariiqyo synthetic ah.Warqadan, habka wax soo saarka ee noocyada kala duwan ee silikoon ayaa si fudud loo soo bandhigay.

2.1.1 methyl silicone

2.2.1.1 isku dhafka methylsilicone resin ka methylchlorosilane

Methylsilicones waxaa lagu farsameeyay methylchlorosilane oo ah alaabta ceeriin ee ugu weyn.Sababtoo ah qaab dhismeedka kala duwan iyo halabuurka silikoon (shahaadada isku dhafka ah ee silicones, ie, [CH3] / [Si] qiimaha), xaalado kala duwan ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Marka uu hooseeyo R / Si ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.0) methyl silicone resin waa la farsameeyey, hydrolysis iyo uumiga falcelinta ee monomers methyltrichlorosilane ugu muhiimsan waa mid aad u degdeg ah, iyo heerkulka falcelinta waa in si adag loo xakameeyo gudahood 0 ℃ , iyo falcelinta waa in lagu sameeyaa dareere isku dhafan, iyo muddada kaydinta alaabta falcelinta heerkulka qolka waa dhowr maalmood oo keliya.Alaabta noocan ahi waxay leedahay qiimo wax ku ool ah oo yar.

Marka la isku daro R / Si methylsilicon resin, methyltrichlorosilane iyo dimethyldichlorosilane ayaa la isticmaalaa.In kasta oo falcelinta uumiga hydrolytic ee isku dhafka methyltrichlorosilane iyo dimethyldichlorosilane ay ka yara gaabis tahay kan methyltrichlorosilane oo keliya, xawaaraha falcelinta uumiga hydrolytic ee methyltrichlorosilane iyo dimethyldichlorosilane aad ayuu u kala duwan yahay, taas oo inta badan ay keento uumida hydrolytic ee methyltrichlorosilane.Hydrolyzate-ku ma waafaqsana saamiga labada monomers, iyo methyl chlorosilane ayaa inta badan la hydrolyzed si ay u sameeyaan jel crosslinking maxaliga ah, taasoo keentay in sifooyin dhamaystiran liidata ee xabagta silicone methyl laga helay hydrolysis ee saddex monomer ah.

2.2.1.2 isku dhafka methylsilicon ee methylalkoxysilane

Heerarka falcelinta ee uumiga hydrolysis ee methylalkoxysilane waxaa lagu xakameyn karaa isbeddelka xaaladaha falcelinta.Laga bilaabo methylalkoxysilane, resin methylsilicone oo leh heerar kala duwan oo isdhaafsi ah ayaa la soo saari karaa.

Methylicones-ganacsiyeedka ee leh heerka dhexdhexaadka ah ee isdhaafsiga ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.2-1.5) waxaa inta badan lagu diyaariyaa hydrolysis iyo uumi methylalkoxysilane.The monomers of methyltriethoxysilane iyo dimethyldiethoxysilane lagu safeeyey by deacidification lagu qaso biyo, lagu daray raad hydrochloric acid ama qadarka ku habboon ee xabagta beddelka cation xoog leh (saamaynta catalysis of macroporous xoog acid ion resin sarrifka waa ka wanaagsan yahay), oo nool.dhoobada galmada (la qallajiyey aashitada ka dib) waxaa loo isticmaalaa kicinta, kululaynta iyo hydrolyzed.Marka barta ugu dambeysa la gaaro, ku dar qadarka saxda ah ee hexamethyldisilazane si aad u baabi'iso kiciyaha hydrochloric acid, ama shaandhayso xabagta sarrifka ion ama dhoobada firfircoon ee loo isticmaalo kicin si loo joojiyo falcelinta uumiga.Alaabada la helay waa xal aalkolo ah oo ah resin methylsilicon.

2.2.2 methyl phenyl silicone

Qalabka ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka warshadaha ee xabagta silikoon ee methylphenyl waa methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane iyo Diphenyldichlorosilane.Qaar ka mid ah ama dhammaan monomers-yada kor ku xusan waxaa lagu daraa toluene dareere ah ama xylene, isku qasan saamiga saxda ah, lagu tuuray biyaha hoos kicinta, heerkulka la xakameynayo falcelinta hydrolysis, iyo HCl (xalka aqueous acid hydrochloric), ka-soo-saarka falcelinta, waa la saaraa. biyo lagu dhaqo.Xalka silikoon ee hydrolyzed ayaa la helayaa, ka dibna qayb ka mid ah dareeraha ayaa soo baxaya si ay u sameeyaan khamriga silikoon ee xoogga leh, ka dibna xabagta silikoon waxaa lagu diyaariyaa qaboojin qabow ama falcelinta kulaylka, iyo xajinta silikoon ee dhammaatay ayaa laga helayaa sifeynta iyo baakadaha.

2.2.3 Ujeedada guud ee methyl phenyl vinyl resin silicone iyo qaybaha la xidhiidha

Habka wax soo saarka ee methyl phenyl vinyl silikon silikoon wuxuu la mid yahay kan methyl phenyl silikoon, marka laga reebo in lagu daro methyl chlorosilane iyo phenyl chlorosilane monomers, qadar habboon oo methyl vinyl dichlorosilane iyo vinyl kale oo ka kooban silikoon monomers ayaa lagu daraa hydrolysis ceeriin ah. agabka.Monomers-ka isku dhafan ayaa la nadiifiyey, la dhaqay oo xoogga saaray si loo helo silanol hydrolyzed, oo lagu daro kicinta cusbada aashitada organic birta, deminta kuleylka ilaa viscosity horay loo qeexay, ama xakameynaya dhamaadka falcelinta uumiga iyadoo loo eegayo waqtiga gelation, iyo diyaarinta methyl phenyl vinyl resin silicone.

Methylphenyl hydropolysiloxane, oo loo isticmaalo sida qayb ka mid ah crosslinker marka lagu daro falcelinta methylphenyl vinyl silicone resin, badanaa waa giraan ama polymer toosan oo leh heer yar oo polymerization ah.Waxaa lagu soo saaraa hydrolysis iyo wareegteynta methylhydrodichlorosilane, ama CO hydrolysis iyo uumi methylhydrodichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane iyo trimethylchlorosilane.

2.2.4 silikoon wax laga beddelay

Soo saarista isku-darka xabagta silikoon ee la beddelay iyo xabagta organic caadi ahaan waxay ku jirtaa toluene ama xylene xaleef methylphenyl silikoon, ku daraya resin alkyd, resin phenolic, resin acrylic iyo resins kale oo organic, si buuxda u qas si siman si aad u hesho alaabta la dhammeeyey.

Xabagta silikoon ee la beddeley ee koopolymerized waxaa lagu diyaariyey falcelin kiimiko oo taxane ah.The resins organic in la copolymerized karaa silikoon ka mid ah polyester, epoxy, phenolic, melamine formaldehyde, polyacrylate, iwm A kala duwan oo waddooyinka synthetic waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si ay u diyaariyaan xabagta silikoon copolymerized, laakiin habka wax soo saarka warshadaha dheeraad ah oo waxtar leh waa copolymerization ee khamriga silikoon iyo xabagta organic.Taasi waa, hydrolysis of methyl chlorosilane iyo phenyl chlorosilane monomers wada si aad u hesho hydrolyzed aalkolada silikon hydrolyzed ama xal xoog leh, ka dibna ku daray prepolymer resin organic prepolymer prepolymer ah, ka dibna qaso co dareere uumiga kulaylka, ku daray zinc, naphthenate zinc iyo kicinta kale. iyo falcelinta cocondensation at heerkulka 150-170 digrii, ilaa walxaha falcelin gaadho viscosity saxda ah ama waqti go'aamiyey gelation, qaboojinta, Ku darista dareeraha si ay u milaan iyo shaandhayso si aad u hesho alaabta la dhammeeyey ee xabagta silicone copolymerized.