Furaha cilmi-baarista iyo soo-saarka caagga silikoon ee Shiinaha - dimethyldiethoxysilane

Caag silikoon ah oo vulcanized ah oo kulul

Shiinuhu waxa uu bilaabay in uu cilmi baadhis ku sameeyo oo uu sameeyo caag cayriin ah oo kulaylka vulcanized (sidoo kale loo yaqaano kulaylka la daaweeyay) caag silikoon ah dabayaaqadii 1950-meeyadii.Ma aha goor dambe adduunka in Shiinuhu bilaabay inuu sahamiyo caag silikoon ah.Sababtoo ah shaqada horumarinta waxay u baahan tahay tiro badan oo ah hydrolysates-nadiifinta sare ee dimethyldichlorosilane (kaas oo octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4, ama DMC) la helay; hore, sababtoo ah la'aanta tiro badan oo methylchlorosilane ah, way adag tahay in la helo tiro badan. of dimethyldichlorosilane saafi ah, oo ma jiraan wax ku filan si ay u tijaabiyaan soo saarida alaabta ceeriin ee aasaasiga ah ee caag silikoon ceeriin octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, Waxa kale oo jira baahi loo qabo kicinta ku haboon in giraanta furitaanka polymerization, kuwaas oo dhibaatooyin waaweyn ee marxaladda hore ee horumarinta. wax soo saarka warshadaha ee methylchlorosilane waa mid aad u adag, sidaas darteed shaqaalaha farsamada ee cutubyada khuseeya ee Shiinaha waxay bixiyeen shaqo badan waxayna ku bixiyeen waqti badan.

Yang Dahai, Shenyang Chemical Research Institute, iwm ayaa soo bandhigay muunado caag silikoon ah oo laga diyaariyey dimethyldichlorosilane iskeed u samaysay ilaa sannadguuradii 10aad ee maalinta qaranka.Lin Yi iyo Jiang Yingyan, cilmi-baarayaasha machadka kimistariga, Akademiyada Sayniska Shiinaha, ayaa sidoo kale sameeyay horumarinta caag silikoon methyl goor hore.1960-kii, cutubyo badan ayaa soo saaray caag silikoon ah.

Kaliya ka dib guusha isku-dhafka tooska ah ee methylchlorosilane ee sariirta la kiciyay, ayaa la heli karaa alaabta ceeriin ee isku dhafka ah ee caag silikoon ceeriin ah.Sababtoo ah baahida caag silikoon waa mid aad u degdeg ah, sidaas darteed waxaa jira cutubyo ku yaal Shanghai iyo Waqooyiga Shiinaha si ay u bilaabaan horumarinta caag silikoon ah.Tusaale ahaan, Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Shanghai ee Shanghai wuxuu daraaseeyaa isku-dhafka methyl chlorosilane monomer iyo sahaminta iyo tijaabinta caag silikoon ah;Warshada kiimikada ee Shanghai Xincheng iyo geedka resin Shanghai tixgeliyo falgalka caag silikoon ka dhinaca wax soo saarka.

Waqooyiga, Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee shirkadda Jihua, oo ah saldhigga warshadaha kiimikada ee Shiinaha, ayaa inta badan ku hawlan cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta caagga synthetic.Ka dib, machadka cilmi-baadhistu wuxuu kordhiyey cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta caag silikoon ah oo uu hoggaamiyo Zhu BAOYING.Waxaa sidoo kale jira machadyo naqshadeynta iyo dhirta wax soo saarka ee shirkadda Jihua, kuwaas oo leh xaalad iskaashi oo wanaagsan oo hal-joojin ah si ay u horumariyaan nidaam dhammaystiran oo ka socda methyl chlorosilane monomer ilaa caag silikoon ah.

Sannadkii 1958-kii, qaybta organosilicon ee Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Shenyang ayaa loo raray Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Beijing oo dhawaan la aasaasay.Horraantii 1960-meeyadii, Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Shenyang wuxuu aasaasay Xafiiska Cilmi-baarista organosilicon oo ay madax ka yihiin Zhang Erci iyo ye Qingxuan si loo horumariyo organosilicon monomer iyo caag silikoon ah.Sida laga soo xigtay fikradaha Xafiiska Labaad ee Wasaaradda Warshadaha Kiimikada, Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Shenyang ayaa ka qaybqaatay horumarinta caag silikoon ah oo ka tirsan Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee shirkadda kiimikada ee Jilin.Sababtoo ah isku dhafka caag silikoon wuxuu sidoo kale u baahan yahay giraanta vinyl, sidaas darteed Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada Shenyang ee isku-dhafka methylhydrodichlorosilane iyo kuwa kale ee taageera monomers organosilicon.

Dufcaddii ugu horreysay ee caag silikoon ah oo Shanghai ah ayaa ah "xeeladaha wareega"

Sannadkii 1960-kii, shirkadda caagga ah ee Xafiiska Warshadaha Kiimikada ee Shanghai waxay u xilsaartay warshad kiimikaad ee Xincheng hawl si ay u horumariso caag silikoon oo degdeg ah ay ugu baahan yihiin warshadaha milatariga.Sababtoo ah geedku wuxuu leeyahay chloromethane, oo ah sunta cayayaanka ka soo baxa alaabta ceeriin ee organosilicon, waxay leedahay shuruudo lagu soo saaro methyl chlorosilane, walxo ceeriin ah oo caag silikon ah.Warshada kiimikaad ee Xincheng waa warshad yar oo ay iska kaashadaan dadwaynaha iyo kuwa gaarka loo leeyahay, oo leh laba farsamayaqaan injineernimo oo keliya, Zheng Shanzhong iyo Xu Mingshan.Waxay aqoonsadeen laba arrimood oo farsamo oo muhiim ah mashruuca cilmi-baarista silikoon, mid waa nadiifinta dimethyldichlorosilane, kan kalena waa daraasadda habka polymerization iyo xulashada kicinta.Waqtigaas, organosilicon monomers iyo dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha ayaa laga mamnuucay oo laga xannibay Shiinaha.Waqtigaas, nuxurka dimethyldichlorosilane ee isku-dhafka methylchlorosilane monomer ee sariirta guriga ee la kiciyay ayaa hooseysay, iyo tignoolajiyada wax-ku-oolka ah ee wax-ku-oolka ah weli lama hirgelin, sidaas darteed suurtagal ma ahayn in la helo tiro badan oo nadiif ah dimethyldichlorosilane monomer sida cayriin. walxaha caag silikoon ah.Sidaa darteed, waxay kaliya isticmaali karaan dimethyldichlorosilane oo leh nadiif hoose oo la heli karo wakhtigaas si loogu diyaariyo ethoxyl derivatives by alkolysis.Masaafada u dhaxaysa barta karkaraya ee methyltriethoxysilane (151 ° C) iyo barta karkaraya ee dimethyldiethoxysilane (111 ° C) ka dib markii khamriga waa mid aad u weyn, iyo farqiga dhibicda karkaraya waa sida ugu badan ee 40 ° C, taas oo ay fududahay in la kala saaro, sidaas darteed. Dimethyldiethoxysilane oo leh nadiif sare ayaa la heli karaa.Kadibna, dimethyldiethoxysilane ayaa lagu shubay octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (methyld4).Ka dib markii la jajabiyey, nadiif sare D4 ayaa la soo saaray, taas oo xallisay dhibaatada alaabta ceeriin ee caag silikoon ah.Waxay ugu yeeraan habka lagu helo D4 iyada oo loo marayo habab aan toos ahayn oo alkolosis ah "xeelado wareeg ah".

Marxaladda hore ee cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta caagga silikoon ee Shiinaha, waxaa jiray la'aanta fahamka habka isku-dhafka ah ee caagga silikoon ee wadamada galbeedka.Unugyada qaar ayaa isku dayay kicinta furitaanka giraanta qadiimiga ah sida sulfuric acid, ferric chloride, aluminium sulfate, iwm waa hab aan loo baahnayn in la isticmaalo kicinta-loop-gan.

Zheng Shanzhong iyo Xu Mingshan, labada ku meel gaadhka ah ee fahma guryaha gaarka ah, waxay u maleynayaan inay leedahay caqli-galnimadeeda iyo dabeecadeeda horumarsan.Kaliya ma hagaajin karto tayada caag silikoon ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay si weyn u fududaynaysaa shaqada ka dib markii la sameeyo.Waqtigaas, dalalka shisheeye weli looma isticmaali jirin wax soo saarka warshadaha.Waxay go'aansadeen in ay iskood isugu geeyaan tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide iyo tetrabutyl fosfonium hydroxide iyaga oo is barbar dhigaya.Waxay u maleeyeen in kii hore uu ahaa mid aad u qanacsan, sidaas awgeed habka polymerization ayaa la xaqiijiyay.Kadib, boqollaal kiilo garaam oo caag silikoon ah oo hufan oo cad ayaa la soo saaray iyada oo la adeegsanayo qalab tijaabo ah oo is-qaabeeyay oo la soo saaray.Bishii Juun 1961, Yang Guangqi, oo ah agaasimaha Xafiiska Labaad ee Wasaaradda Warshadaha Kiimikada, ayaa u yimid warshadda si uu u eego, aad ayuuna ugu farxay inuu arko alaabada caag silikoon ah oo tayo leh.Inkasta oo qiimaha caagga ah ee habkani soo saaro uu yahay mid aad u sarreeya, caag silikoon ah oo la soo saari karo tiro badan ayaa yareynaya baahida degdegga ah ee wakhtigaas.

Warshada resin ee Shanghai, oo ay hogaamiso Xafiiska Warshadaha Kiimikada ee Shanghai, ayaa markii ugu horaysay samaysay sariir walaaqaysa dhexroor 400mm ah gudaha Shiinaha si ay u soo saarto methyl chlorosilane monomers.Waxay ahayd shirkad bixin karta methyl chlorosilane monomers oo wakhtigaas ah.Taas ka dib, si ay u dardar horumarinta warshadaha silikoon ee Shanghai iyo hagaajiyo xoogga silikoon, Shanghai Chemical Bureau ku daray warshad kiimikada Xincheng warshad xabagta Shanghai, oo sii waday in ay fuliyaan imtixaanka qalab hab synthesis joogto ah silikoon vulcanized heerkulka sare. caag.

Xafiiska Warshadaha Kiimikada ee Shanghai ayaa u sameeyay aqoon-is-weydaarsi gaar ah oo loogu talagalay saliidda silikoon iyo wax-soo-saarka caagga silikoon ee warshadda resin ee Shanghai.Warshada resin Shanghai ayaa si guul leh u tijaabisay soo saarista saliidda faafinta faakuumka sareeyo, heerkulka qolka laba qaybood oo ka kooban caag silikoon ah oo vulcanized ah, saliid silikoon phenyl methyl iyo wixii la mid ah, kuwaas oo ay mamnuuceen wadamada shisheeye.Warshada resin ee Shanghai waxay noqotay warshad dhamaystiran oo soo saari karta noocyo badan oo alaabooyin silikoon ah oo Shiinaha ah.In kasta oo 1992-kii, ay ugu wacan tahay hagaajinta qaabka warshadaha ee Shanghai, warshadda resin Shanghai waxay ku qasbanaatay inay joojiso wax soo saarka methyl chlorosilane iyo monomers kale, taas beddelkeedana waxay iibsatay monomers iyo dhexdhexaadin si ay u soo saarto wax soo saarka hoose.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, warshadda resin Shanghai waxay wax ku biirin aan la tirtiri karin ku leh horumarinta monomers organosilicon iyo walxaha polymer organosilicon ee Shiinaha.